The TEMT6000 is an ambient light sensor. The breakout board from SparkFun is $5 and is easy to use. Just connect GND and VCC (5V). The S goes to the analog input of your choice and you can start measuring - the greater the incoming light, the higher the analog voltage. Here is the complete TEMT6000 Datasheet .

All the code be downloaded from here.

void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(9600);                  // sets the serial port to 9600
}

void loop() 
{
  Serial.printLn(analogRead(0), DEC);  // prints the value OF analog input pin 0
  delay(1000);                         // wait 1s for next reading
}